basedFood-app/lib/data/recipes/recipe_service.dart

import 'dart:async';
import 'dart:convert';
import 'package:sqflite/sqflite.dart';
import 'package:path/path.dart' as path;
import 'package:path_provider/path_provider.dart';
import '../local/local_storage_service.dart';
import '../nostr/nostr_service.dart';
import '../nostr/models/nostr_event.dart';
import '../nostr/models/nostr_keypair.dart';
import '../../core/logger.dart';
import '../../core/service_locator.dart';
import 'models/recipe_model.dart';
import 'models/bookmark_category_model.dart';

/// Service for managing recipes with local storage and Nostr sync.
class RecipeService {
  /// Local storage service.
  final LocalStorageService _localStorage;

  /// Nostr service (optional).
  final NostrService? _nostrService;

  /// Nostr keypair for signing events (optional).
  NostrKeyPair? _nostrKeyPair;

  /// Database instance (null until initialized).
  Database? _db;

  /// Current database path (for debugging and verification).
  String? _currentDbPath;

  /// Optional database path for testing (null uses default).
  final String? _testDbPath;

  /// Pending bookmark associations to restore after recipes are fetched from Nostr.
  /// Map of recipeId -> list of categoryIds.
  final Map<String, List<String>> _pendingBookmarks = {};

  /// Creates a [RecipeService] instance.
  RecipeService({
    required LocalStorageService localStorage,
    NostrService? nostrService,
    NostrKeyPair? nostrKeyPair,
    String? testDbPath,
  })  : _localStorage = localStorage,
        _nostrService = nostrService,
        _nostrKeyPair = nostrKeyPair,
        _testDbPath = testDbPath;

  /// Sets the Nostr keypair for signing events.
  void setNostrKeyPair(NostrKeyPair keypair) {
    _nostrKeyPair = keypair;
  }

  /// Initializes the recipes table in the database.
  /// 
  /// Must be called before using any other methods.
  Future<void> initialize({String? sessionDbPath}) async {
    await _localStorage.initialize();
    
    // Get database path
    final dbPath = sessionDbPath ?? _testDbPath ?? await _getDatabasePath();
    
    // Close existing database if switching sessions
    if (_db != null) {
      await _db!.close();
      _db = null;
    }
    
    // Open database
    _db = await openDatabase(
      dbPath,
      version: 2, // Incremented for bookmark tables
      onCreate: _onCreate,
      onUpgrade: _onUpgrade,
    );

    // Store the current database path
    _currentDbPath = dbPath;

    Logger.info('RecipeService initialized with database: $dbPath');
    // Log the database path for debugging
    Logger.debug('Current RecipeService database path: $dbPath');
  }

  /// Reinitializes the service with a new database path (for session switching).
  /// 
  /// [newDbPath] - New database path to use.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if reinitialization fails.
  Future<void> reinitializeForSession({
    required String newDbPath,
  }) async {
    await initialize(sessionDbPath: newDbPath);
  }

  /// Creates the recipes table if it doesn't exist.
  Future<void> _onCreate(Database db, int version) async {
    // Recipes table
    await db.execute('''
      CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS recipes (
        id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
        title TEXT NOT NULL,
        description TEXT,
        tags TEXT NOT NULL,
        rating INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
        is_favourite INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
        image_urls TEXT NOT NULL,
        created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
        updated_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
        is_deleted INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
        nostr_event_id TEXT
      )
    ''');

    // Bookmark categories table
    await db.execute('''
      CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS bookmark_categories (
        id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
        name TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
        color TEXT,
        created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
        updated_at INTEGER NOT NULL
      )
    ''');

    // Junction table for recipe-bookmark relationships
    await db.execute('''
      CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS recipe_bookmarks (
        recipe_id TEXT NOT NULL,
        category_id TEXT NOT NULL,
        created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
        PRIMARY KEY (recipe_id, category_id),
        FOREIGN KEY (recipe_id) REFERENCES recipes(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
        FOREIGN KEY (category_id) REFERENCES bookmark_categories(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
      )
    ''');

    // Create indexes
    await db.execute('''
      CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_recipes_created_at ON recipes(created_at DESC)
    ''');
    await db.execute('''
      CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_recipes_is_deleted ON recipes(is_deleted)
    ''');
    await db.execute('''
      CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_recipe_bookmarks_recipe_id ON recipe_bookmarks(recipe_id)
    ''');
    await db.execute('''
      CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_recipe_bookmarks_category_id ON recipe_bookmarks(category_id)
    ''');
  }

  /// Handles database migrations when version changes.
  Future<void> _onUpgrade(Database db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) async {
    if (oldVersion < 2) {
      // Migration to version 2: Add bookmark tables
      await db.execute('''
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS bookmark_categories (
          id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
          name TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
          color TEXT,
          created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
          updated_at INTEGER NOT NULL
        )
      ''');

      await db.execute('''
        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS recipe_bookmarks (
          recipe_id TEXT NOT NULL,
          category_id TEXT NOT NULL,
          created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
          PRIMARY KEY (recipe_id, category_id),
          FOREIGN KEY (recipe_id) REFERENCES recipes(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
          FOREIGN KEY (category_id) REFERENCES bookmark_categories(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
        )
      ''');

      await db.execute('''
        CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_recipe_bookmarks_recipe_id ON recipe_bookmarks(recipe_id)
      ''');
      await db.execute('''
        CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_recipe_bookmarks_category_id ON recipe_bookmarks(category_id)
      ''');
      
      Logger.info('Database migrated from version $oldVersion to $newVersion');
    }
  }

  /// Gets the path to the database file.
  /// 
  /// Note: This is the default path. For user-specific paths, use initialize(sessionDbPath: ...)
  /// or reinitializeForSession(newDbPath: ...).
  Future<String> _getDatabasePath() async {
    final documentsDirectory = await getApplicationDocumentsDirectory();
    return path.join(documentsDirectory.path, 'recipes.db');
  }

  /// Ensures the database is initialized and open.
  void _ensureInitialized() {
    if (_db == null) {
      throw Exception('RecipeService not initialized. Call initialize() first.');
    }
    
    // Check if database is still open (sqflite doesn't have isOpen, but we can catch the error)
    // If database was closed, we need to reinitialize
    // Note: We can't easily check if database is open without trying to use it
    // The error will be caught by the calling method
  }
  
  /// Ensures the database is initialized, and reinitializes if needed.
  /// This is called before operations that might fail if the database was closed.
  Future<void> _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize() async {
    if (_db == null) {
      // Try to reinitialize with the current user's database path
      final sessionService = ServiceLocator.instance.sessionService;
      if (sessionService != null && sessionService.currentUser != null) {
        final user = sessionService.currentUser!;
        try {
          // Get the user-specific database path
          final appDir = await getApplicationDocumentsDirectory();
          final recipesDbPath = path.join(appDir.path, 'users', user.id, 'recipes.db');
          await reinitializeForSession(newDbPath: recipesDbPath);
          Logger.info('RecipeService reinitialized automatically');
        } catch (e) {
          Logger.warning('Failed to auto-reinitialize RecipeService: $e');
          throw Exception('RecipeService not initialized. Call initialize() first.');
        }
      } else {
        throw Exception('RecipeService not initialized. Call initialize() first.');
      }
    }
  }

  /// Creates a new recipe.
  /// 
  /// [recipe] - The recipe to create.
  /// 
  /// Returns the created recipe with updated timestamps.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if creation fails.
  Future<RecipeModel> createRecipe(RecipeModel recipe) async {
    // Ensure database is initialized, or reinitialize if needed
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
    
    try {
      final now = DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch;
      final recipeWithTimestamps = recipe.copyWith(
        createdAt: now,
        updatedAt: now,
      );

      await _db!.insert(
        'recipes',
        recipeWithTimestamps.toMap(),
        conflictAlgorithm: ConflictAlgorithm.replace,
      );

      Logger.info('Recipe created: ${recipe.id}');
      Logger.debug('Recipe stored in database at: $_currentDbPath');

      // Publish to Nostr if available
      if (_nostrService != null && _nostrKeyPair != null) {
        try {
          Logger.info('Publishing recipe ${recipe.id} to Nostr...');
          await _publishRecipeToNostr(recipeWithTimestamps);
          Logger.info('Recipe ${recipe.id} published to Nostr successfully');
        } catch (e) {
          Logger.warning('Failed to publish recipe to Nostr: $e');
          // Don't fail the creation if Nostr publish fails
        }
      } else {
        if (_nostrService == null) {
          Logger.warning('NostrService not available, skipping recipe publish');
        }
        if (_nostrKeyPair == null) {
          Logger.warning('Nostr keypair not set, skipping recipe publish. Call setNostrKeyPair() first.');
        }
      }

      return recipeWithTimestamps;
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to create recipe: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Updates an existing recipe.
  /// 
  /// [recipe] - The recipe with updated data.
  /// 
  /// Returns the updated recipe.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if update fails or recipe doesn't exist.
  Future<RecipeModel> updateRecipe(RecipeModel recipe) async {
    _ensureInitialized();
    try {
      final updatedRecipe = recipe.copyWith(
        updatedAt: DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch,
      );

      final updated = await _db!.update(
        'recipes',
        updatedRecipe.toMap(),
        where: 'id = ?',
        whereArgs: [recipe.id],
      );

      if (updated == 0) {
        throw Exception('Recipe with id ${recipe.id} not found');
      }

      Logger.info('Recipe updated: ${recipe.id}');

      // Publish to Nostr if available
      if (_nostrService != null && _nostrKeyPair != null) {
        try {
          await _publishRecipeToNostr(updatedRecipe);
        } catch (e) {
          Logger.warning('Failed to publish recipe update to Nostr: $e');
          // Don't fail the update if Nostr publish fails
        }
      }

      return updatedRecipe;
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to update recipe: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Deletes a recipe.
  /// 
  /// [recipeId] - The ID of the recipe to delete.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if deletion fails.
  Future<void> deleteRecipe(String recipeId) async {
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
    
    try {
      // Get the recipe BEFORE marking it as deleted (to get nostrEventId)
      final recipe = await getRecipe(recipeId, includeDeleted: false);
      final nostrEventId = recipe?.nostrEventId;
      
      // Mark as deleted instead of actually deleting
      final updated = await _db!.update(
        'recipes',
        {
          'is_deleted': 1,
          'updated_at': DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch,
        },
        where: 'id = ?',
        whereArgs: [recipeId],
      );

      if (updated == 0) {
        throw Exception('Recipe with id $recipeId not found');
      }

      Logger.info('Recipe deleted: $recipeId');

      // Publish deletion event to Nostr if available
      if (_nostrService != null && _nostrKeyPair != null && nostrEventId != null) {
        try {
          await _publishRecipeDeletionToNostr(recipeId, nostrEventId);
        } catch (e) {
          Logger.warning('Failed to publish recipe deletion to Nostr: $e');
          // Don't fail the deletion if Nostr publish fails
        }
      } else if (nostrEventId == null) {
        Logger.warning('Recipe $recipeId has no Nostr event ID, skipping deletion event');
      }
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to delete recipe: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Gets a recipe by ID.
  /// 
  /// [recipeId] - The ID of the recipe.
  /// [includeDeleted] - Whether to include deleted recipes (default: false).
  /// 
  /// Returns the recipe if found, null otherwise.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if retrieval fails.
  Future<RecipeModel?> getRecipe(String recipeId, {bool includeDeleted = false}) async {
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
    
    try {
      final List<Map<String, dynamic>> maps = await _db!.query(
        'recipes',
        where: includeDeleted ? 'id = ?' : 'id = ? AND is_deleted = 0',
        whereArgs: [recipeId],
        limit: 1,
      );

      if (maps.isEmpty) {
        return null;
      }

      return RecipeModel.fromMap(maps.first);
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to get recipe: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Gets all recipes.
  /// 
  /// [includeDeleted] - Whether to include deleted recipes (default: false).
  /// 
  /// Returns a list of all recipes, ordered by creation date (newest first).
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if retrieval fails.
  Future<List<RecipeModel>> getAllRecipes({bool includeDeleted = false}) async {
    try {
      // Try to ensure database is initialized, or reinitialize if needed
      await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
      
      final List<Map<String, dynamic>> maps = await _db!.query(
        'recipes',
        where: includeDeleted ? null : 'is_deleted = 0',
        orderBy: 'created_at DESC',
      );

      Logger.debug('getAllRecipes: Querying database at: $_currentDbPath');
      Logger.debug('getAllRecipes: Found ${maps.length} recipe(s) in database');
      final recipeList = maps.map((map) => RecipeModel.fromMap(map)).toList();
      Logger.debug('getAllRecipes: Converted to ${recipeList.length} RecipeModel(s)');
      if (recipeList.isNotEmpty) {
        Logger.debug('getAllRecipes: First recipe: ${recipeList.first.title} (id: ${recipeList.first.id})');
      }
      return recipeList;
    } catch (e) {
      // If error is about database being closed, try to reinitialize once
      final errorStr = e.toString().toLowerCase();
      if (errorStr.contains('database_closed')) {
        try {
          Logger.warning('Database was closed, attempting to reinitialize...');
          // Clear the closed database reference
          _db = null;
          // Reinitialize with current user's database path
          await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
          // Retry the query
          final List<Map<String, dynamic>> maps = await _db!.query(
            'recipes',
            where: includeDeleted ? null : 'is_deleted = 0',
            orderBy: 'created_at DESC',
          );
          return maps.map((map) => RecipeModel.fromMap(map)).toList();
        } catch (retryError) {
          throw Exception('Failed to get all recipes: $retryError');
        }
      }
      throw Exception('Failed to get all recipes: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Gets recipes by tag.
  /// 
  /// [tag] - The tag to filter by.
  /// 
  /// Returns a list of recipes with the specified tag.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if retrieval fails.
  Future<List<RecipeModel>> getRecipesByTag(String tag) async {
    try {
      final allRecipes = await getAllRecipes();
      return allRecipes.where((recipe) => recipe.tags.contains(tag)).toList();
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to get recipes by tag: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Gets favourite recipes.
  /// 
  /// Returns a list of recipes marked as favourite.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if retrieval fails.
  Future<List<RecipeModel>> getFavouriteRecipes() async {
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
    try {
      final List<Map<String, dynamic>> maps = await _db!.query(
        'recipes',
        where: 'is_favourite = 1 AND is_deleted = 0',
        orderBy: 'created_at DESC',
      );

      return maps.map((map) => RecipeModel.fromMap(map)).toList();
    } catch (e) {
      // If error is about database being closed, try to reinitialize once
      final errorStr = e.toString().toLowerCase();
      if (errorStr.contains('database_closed')) {
        try {
          Logger.warning('Database was closed, attempting to reinitialize...');
          _db = null;
          await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
          final List<Map<String, dynamic>> maps = await _db!.query(
            'recipes',
            where: 'is_favourite = 1 AND is_deleted = 0',
            orderBy: 'created_at DESC',
          );
          return maps.map((map) => RecipeModel.fromMap(map)).toList();
        } catch (retryError) {
          throw Exception('Failed to get favourite recipes: $retryError');
        }
      }
      throw Exception('Failed to get favourite recipes: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Clears all recipes from the database.
  /// 
  /// Used on logout to ensure user data isolation.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if clearing fails.
  Future<void> clearAllRecipes() async {
    _ensureInitialized();
    try {
      await _db!.delete('recipes');
      Logger.info('All recipes cleared from database');
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to clear recipes: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Closes the database connection.
  /// 
  /// Should be called when switching users or cleaning up.
  Future<void> close() async {
    if (_db != null) {
      await _db!.close();
      _db = null;
      _currentDbPath = null;
      Logger.info('RecipeService database closed');
    }
  }

  // ==================== Bookmark Category Methods ====================

  /// Creates a new bookmark category.
  /// 
  /// [name] - The name of the category.
  /// [color] - Optional color for the category (hex string).
  /// 
  /// Returns the created category.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if creation fails.
  Future<BookmarkCategory> createBookmarkCategory({
    required String name,
    String? color,
  }) async {
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
    try {
      final category = BookmarkCategory(
        id: 'category_${DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch}',
        name: name,
        color: color,
      );
      
      await _db!.insert(
        'bookmark_categories',
        category.toMap(),
        conflictAlgorithm: ConflictAlgorithm.replace,
      );
      
      Logger.info('Bookmark category created: ${category.id}');
      
      // Publish to Nostr (kind 30001 for bookmark categories)
      if (_nostrService != null && _nostrKeyPair != null) {
        try {
          await _publishBookmarkCategoryToNostr(category);
          Logger.info('Bookmark category ${category.id} published to Nostr');
        } catch (e) {
          Logger.warning('Failed to publish bookmark category to Nostr: $e');
        }
      }
      
      return category;
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to create bookmark category: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Gets all bookmark categories.
  /// 
  /// Returns a list of all bookmark categories, ordered by name.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if retrieval fails.
  Future<List<BookmarkCategory>> getAllBookmarkCategories() async {
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
    try {
      final List<Map<String, dynamic>> maps = await _db!.query(
        'bookmark_categories',
        orderBy: 'name ASC',
      );
      return maps.map((map) => BookmarkCategory.fromMap(map)).toList();
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to get bookmark categories: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Deletes a bookmark category and removes all recipe associations.
  /// 
  /// [categoryId] - The ID of the category to delete.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if deletion fails.
  Future<void> deleteBookmarkCategory(String categoryId) async {
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
    try {
      // Cascade delete will handle recipe_bookmarks entries
      await _db!.delete(
        'bookmark_categories',
        where: 'id = ?',
        whereArgs: [categoryId],
      );
      Logger.info('Bookmark category deleted: $categoryId');
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to delete bookmark category: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Updates a bookmark category.
  /// 
  /// [category] - The category with updated data.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if update fails.
  Future<void> updateBookmarkCategory(BookmarkCategory category) async {
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
    try {
      final updatedCategory = category.copyWith(
        updatedAt: DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch,
      );
      
      await _db!.update(
        'bookmark_categories',
        updatedCategory.toMap(),
        where: 'id = ?',
        whereArgs: [category.id],
      );
      Logger.info('Bookmark category updated: ${category.id}');
      
      // Publish to Nostr (kind 30001 for bookmark categories)
      if (_nostrService != null && _nostrKeyPair != null) {
        try {
          await _publishBookmarkCategoryToNostr(updatedCategory);
          Logger.info('Bookmark category ${category.id} updated in Nostr');
        } catch (e) {
          Logger.warning('Failed to publish bookmark category update to Nostr: $e');
        }
      }
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to update bookmark category: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Adds a recipe to a bookmark category.
  /// 
  /// [recipeId] - The ID of the recipe to bookmark.
  /// [categoryId] - The ID of the category to add the recipe to.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if operation fails.
  Future<void> addRecipeToCategory({
    required String recipeId,
    required String categoryId,
  }) async {
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
    try {
      await _db!.insert(
        'recipe_bookmarks',
        {
          'recipe_id': recipeId,
          'category_id': categoryId,
          'created_at': DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch,
        },
        conflictAlgorithm: ConflictAlgorithm.replace,
      );
      Logger.info('Recipe $recipeId added to category $categoryId');
      
      // Republish recipe to Nostr to sync bookmark changes
      try {
        final recipe = await getRecipe(recipeId);
        if (recipe != null && _nostrService != null && _nostrKeyPair != null) {
          await _publishRecipeToNostr(recipe);
          Logger.debug('Republished recipe $recipeId to Nostr with updated bookmarks');
        }
      } catch (e) {
        Logger.warning('Failed to republish recipe $recipeId after bookmark change: $e');
      }
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to add recipe to category: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Removes a recipe from a bookmark category.
  /// 
  /// [recipeId] - The ID of the recipe to unbookmark.
  /// [categoryId] - The ID of the category to remove the recipe from.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if operation fails.
  Future<void> removeRecipeFromCategory({
    required String recipeId,
    required String categoryId,
  }) async {
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
    try {
      await _db!.delete(
        'recipe_bookmarks',
        where: 'recipe_id = ? AND category_id = ?',
        whereArgs: [recipeId, categoryId],
      );
      Logger.info('Recipe $recipeId removed from category $categoryId');
      
      // Republish recipe to Nostr to sync bookmark changes
      try {
        final recipe = await getRecipe(recipeId);
        if (recipe != null && _nostrService != null && _nostrKeyPair != null) {
          await _publishRecipeToNostr(recipe);
          Logger.debug('Republished recipe $recipeId to Nostr with updated bookmarks');
        }
      } catch (e) {
        Logger.warning('Failed to republish recipe $recipeId after bookmark change: $e');
      }
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to remove recipe from category: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Gets all categories for a specific recipe.
  /// 
  /// [recipeId] - The ID of the recipe.
  /// 
  /// Returns a list of categories the recipe belongs to.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if retrieval fails.
  Future<List<BookmarkCategory>> getCategoriesForRecipe(String recipeId) async {
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
    try {
      final List<Map<String, dynamic>> maps = await _db!.rawQuery('''
        SELECT bc.*
        FROM bookmark_categories bc
        INNER JOIN recipe_bookmarks rb ON bc.id = rb.category_id
        WHERE rb.recipe_id = ?
        ORDER BY bc.name ASC
      ''', [recipeId]);
      
      return maps.map((map) => BookmarkCategory.fromMap(map)).toList();
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to get categories for recipe: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Gets all recipes in a specific category.
  /// 
  /// [categoryId] - The ID of the category.
  /// 
  /// Returns a list of recipes in the category, ordered by creation date (newest first).
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if retrieval fails.
  Future<List<RecipeModel>> getRecipesByCategory(String categoryId) async {
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
    try {
      final List<Map<String, dynamic>> maps = await _db!.rawQuery('''
        SELECT r.*
        FROM recipes r
        INNER JOIN recipe_bookmarks rb ON r.id = rb.recipe_id
        WHERE rb.category_id = ? AND r.is_deleted = 0
        ORDER BY r.created_at DESC
      ''', [categoryId]);
      
      return maps.map((map) => RecipeModel.fromMap(map)).toList();
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to get recipes by category: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Checks if a recipe is bookmarked in any category.
  /// 
  /// [recipeId] - The ID of the recipe to check.
  /// 
  /// Returns true if the recipe is in at least one category, false otherwise.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if check fails.
  Future<bool> isRecipeBookmarked(String recipeId) async {
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();
    try {
      final List<Map<String, dynamic>> maps = await _db!.query(
        'recipe_bookmarks',
        where: 'recipe_id = ?',
        whereArgs: [recipeId],
        limit: 1,
      );
      return maps.isNotEmpty;
    } catch (e) {
      throw Exception('Failed to check if recipe is bookmarked: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Fetches recipes from Nostr for a given public key.
  /// 
  /// Queries kind 30000 events (NIP-33 parameterized replaceable events)
  /// from enabled relays and stores them locally.
  /// 
  /// [publicKey] - The public key (hex format) to fetch recipes for.
  /// [timeout] - Timeout for the request (default: 30 seconds).
  /// 
  /// Returns the number of recipes fetched and stored.
  /// 
  /// Throws [Exception] if fetch fails.
  Future<int> fetchRecipesFromNostr(
    String publicKey, {
    Duration timeout = const Duration(seconds: 30),
  }) async {
    if (_nostrService == null) {
      throw Exception('Nostr service not available');
    }

    // Ensure database is initialized before fetching
    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();

    // First, fetch bookmark categories so they exist when we restore bookmark associations
    try {
      await fetchBookmarkCategoriesFromNostr(publicKey, timeout: timeout);
    } catch (e) {
      Logger.warning('Failed to fetch bookmark categories, continuing with recipes: $e');
      // Continue even if category fetch fails
    }

    try {
      Logger.info('Fetching recipes from Nostr for public key: ${publicKey.substring(0, 16)}...');

      // Get all enabled relays (including those that may be connecting)
      // We'll try to connect to them if needed
      final allRelays = _nostrService!.getRelays();
      final enabledRelays = allRelays.where((relay) => relay.isEnabled).toList();

      if (enabledRelays.isEmpty) {
        Logger.warning('No enabled relays available for fetching recipes');
        return 0;
      }

      // Try to fetch from connected relays first
      final recipes = <RecipeModel>[];
      final Set<String> seenRecipeIds = {}; // Track by recipe ID to handle duplicates

      for (final relay in enabledRelays) {
        if (!relay.isConnected) {
          try {
            await _nostrService!.connectRelay(relay.url).timeout(
              const Duration(seconds: 5),
              onTimeout: () {
                throw Exception('Connection timeout');
              },
            );
          } catch (e) {
            Logger.warning('Failed to connect to relay ${relay.url}: $e');
            continue;
          }
        }

        try {
          final relayData = await _queryRecipeEventsFromRelayWithBookmarks(
            publicKey,
            relay.url,
            timeout,
          );

          // Add recipes and bookmark data, avoiding duplicates
          for (final entry in relayData.entries) {
            final recipeId = entry.key;
            final (recipe, bookmarkCategoryIds) = entry.value;
            
            if (!seenRecipeIds.contains(recipeId)) {
              recipes.add(recipe);
              seenRecipeIds.add(recipeId);
              
              // Store bookmark associations for later restoration
              if (bookmarkCategoryIds.isNotEmpty) {
                if (!_pendingBookmarks.containsKey(recipeId)) {
                  _pendingBookmarks[recipeId] = [];
                }
                _pendingBookmarks[recipeId]!.addAll(bookmarkCategoryIds);
              }
            }
          }
        } catch (e) {
          Logger.warning('Failed to fetch recipes from relay ${relay.url}: $e');
          // Continue to next relay
        }
      }

      // Store fetched recipes in database
      int storedCount = 0;
      for (final recipe in recipes) {
        try {
          // Check if recipe already exists (by ID)
          final existing = await getRecipe(recipe.id);
          if (existing == null) {
            // Insert new recipe
            await _db!.insert(
              'recipes',
              recipe.toMap(),
              conflictAlgorithm: ConflictAlgorithm.replace,
            );
            Logger.debug('Stored recipe ${recipe.id} (${recipe.title}) in database');
            storedCount++;
          } else {
            // Update existing recipe (might have newer data from Nostr)
            await updateRecipe(recipe);
            storedCount++;
          }
        } catch (e) {
          Logger.warning('Failed to store recipe ${recipe.id}: $e');
          // Continue with other recipes
        }
      }

      // Restore bookmark associations from Nostr events
      int bookmarkCount = 0;
      for (final entry in _pendingBookmarks.entries) {
        final recipeId = entry.key;
        final categoryIds = entry.value;
        
        try {
          // Verify recipe exists
          final recipe = await getRecipe(recipeId);
          if (recipe == null) {
            Logger.warning('Cannot restore bookmarks for recipe $recipeId: recipe not found');
            continue;
          }
          
          // Restore bookmark associations
          for (final categoryId in categoryIds) {
            try {
              // Check if category exists, create if it doesn't (with a default name)
              final category = await _db!.query(
                'bookmark_categories',
                where: 'id = ?',
                whereArgs: [categoryId],
                limit: 1,
              );
              
              if (category.isEmpty) {
                // Category should have been fetched from Nostr, but if it doesn't exist,
                // create a default category as fallback
                Logger.warning('Bookmark category $categoryId not found, creating default');
                await _db!.insert(
                  'bookmark_categories',
                  {
                    'id': categoryId,
                    'name': 'Category $categoryId',
                    'color': null,
                    'created_at': DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch,
                    'updated_at': DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch,
                  },
                  conflictAlgorithm: ConflictAlgorithm.replace,
                );
                Logger.debug('Created default bookmark category: $categoryId');
              }
              
              // Add recipe to category
              await addRecipeToCategory(recipeId: recipeId, categoryId: categoryId);
              bookmarkCount++;
            } catch (e) {
              Logger.warning('Failed to restore bookmark $categoryId for recipe $recipeId: $e');
            }
          }
        } catch (e) {
          Logger.warning('Failed to restore bookmarks for recipe $recipeId: $e');
        }
      }
      
      // Clear pending bookmarks after processing
      _pendingBookmarks.clear();

      Logger.info('Fetched and stored $storedCount recipe(s) from Nostr');
      if (bookmarkCount > 0) {
        Logger.info('Restored $bookmarkCount bookmark association(s) from Nostr');
      }
      return storedCount;
    } catch (e) {
      Logger.error('Failed to fetch recipes from Nostr', e);
      throw Exception('Failed to fetch recipes from Nostr: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Fetches recipes from a specific relay.
  /// Queries recipe events from a relay and returns recipes with bookmark data.
  /// Returns a map where key is recipe ID and value is a tuple of (recipe, bookmarkCategoryIds).
  Future<Map<String, (RecipeModel, List<String>)>> _queryRecipeEventsFromRelayWithBookmarks(
    String publicKey,
    String relayUrl,
    Duration timeout,
  ) async {
    try {
      // Use NostrService's queryEvents method to get kind 30000 events
      final events = await _nostrService!.queryEvents(
        publicKey,
        relayUrl,
        [30000],
        timeout: timeout,
      );

      final Map<String, RecipeModel> recipeMap = {}; // Track by 'd' tag value
      final Map<String, List<String>> recipeBookmarks = {}; // Track bookmark associations: recipeId -> [categoryIds]

      for (final event in events) {
        try {
          // Extract recipe ID from 'd' tag
          String? recipeId;
          for (final tag in event.tags) {
            if (tag.isNotEmpty && tag[0] == 'd') {
              recipeId = tag.length > 1 ? tag[1] : null;
              break;
            }
          }

          if (recipeId == null) {
            Logger.warning('Recipe event missing "d" tag: ${event.id}');
            continue;
          }

          // Parse content as JSON
          final contentMap = jsonDecode(event.content) as Map<String, dynamic>;
          
          // Extract additional metadata from tags
          final imageUrls = <String>[];
          final tags = <String>[];
          final bookmarkCategoryIds = <String>[];
          int rating = 0;
          bool isFavourite = false;

          for (final tag in event.tags) {
            if (tag.isEmpty) continue;
            switch (tag[0]) {
              case 'image':
                if (tag.length > 1) imageUrls.add(tag[1]);
                break;
              case 't':
                if (tag.length > 1) tags.add(tag[1]);
                break;
              case 'rating':
                if (tag.length > 1) {
                  rating = int.tryParse(tag[1]) ?? 0;
                }
                break;
              case 'favourite':
                if (tag.length > 1) {
                  isFavourite = tag[1].toLowerCase() == 'true';
                }
                break;
              case 'bookmark':
                if (tag.length > 1) {
                  bookmarkCategoryIds.add(tag[1]);
                }
                break;
            }
          }

          // Create RecipeModel from event
          final recipe = RecipeModel(
            id: recipeId,
            title: contentMap['title'] as String? ?? 'Untitled Recipe',
            description: contentMap['description'] as String?,
            tags: tags.isNotEmpty ? tags : (contentMap['tags'] as List<dynamic>?)?.map((e) => e.toString()).toList() ?? [],
            rating: rating > 0 ? rating : (contentMap['rating'] as int? ?? 0),
            isFavourite: isFavourite || (contentMap['isFavourite'] as bool? ?? false),
            imageUrls: imageUrls.isNotEmpty ? imageUrls : (contentMap['imageUrls'] as List<dynamic>?)?.map((e) => e.toString()).toList() ?? [],
            createdAt: contentMap['createdAt'] as int? ?? (event.createdAt * 1000),
            updatedAt: contentMap['updatedAt'] as int? ?? (event.createdAt * 1000),
            nostrEventId: event.id,
          );

          // Use replaceable event logic: keep the latest version
          final existing = recipeMap[recipeId];
          if (existing == null || recipe.updatedAt > existing.updatedAt) {
            recipeMap[recipeId] = recipe;
            
            // Store bookmark associations
            if (bookmarkCategoryIds.isNotEmpty) {
              recipeBookmarks[recipeId] = bookmarkCategoryIds;
            }
          }
        } catch (e) {
          Logger.warning('Failed to parse recipe from event ${event.id}: $e');
        }
      }

      // Return map of recipeId -> (recipe, bookmarkCategoryIds)
      final result = <String, (RecipeModel, List<String>)>{};
      for (final entry in recipeMap.entries) {
        result[entry.key] = (entry.value, recipeBookmarks[entry.key] ?? []);
      }
      
      return result;
    } catch (e) {
      Logger.error('Failed to query recipes from relay $relayUrl', e);
      rethrow;
    }
  }

  /// Publishes a recipe to Nostr as a kind 30000 event (NIP-33 parameterized replaceable event).
  Future<void> _publishRecipeToNostr(RecipeModel recipe) async {
    if (_nostrService == null || _nostrKeyPair == null) {
      return;
    }

    try {
      // Create tags
      final tags = <List<String>>[
        ['d', recipe.id], // Replaceable event identifier
      ];

      // Add image tags
      for (final imageUrl in recipe.imageUrls) {
        tags.add(['image', imageUrl]);
      }

      // Add tag tags
      for (final tag in recipe.tags) {
        tags.add(['t', tag]);
      }

      // Add rating tag
      tags.add(['rating', recipe.rating.toString()]);

      // Add favourite tag
      tags.add(['favourite', recipe.isFavourite.toString()]);

      // Add bookmark category tags
      try {
        final bookmarkCategories = await getCategoriesForRecipe(recipe.id);
        for (final category in bookmarkCategories) {
          tags.add(['bookmark', category.id]);
        }
      } catch (e) {
        Logger.warning('Failed to get bookmark categories for recipe ${recipe.id}: $e');
      }

      // Create event content as JSON
      final content = recipe.toJson();

      // Create and sign the event
      // Using kind 30000 (NIP-33 parameterized replaceable event)
      final event = NostrEvent.create(
        content: jsonEncode(content),
        kind: 30000,
        privateKey: _nostrKeyPair!.privateKey,
        tags: tags,
      );

      // Publish to all enabled relays
      final results = await _nostrService!.publishEventToAllRelays(event);

      // Log results
      final successCount = results.values.where((success) => success).length;
      Logger.info('Published recipe ${recipe.id} to $successCount/${results.length} relays');

      // Update recipe with Nostr event ID
      final updatedRecipe = recipe.copyWith(nostrEventId: event.id);
      await _db!.update(
        'recipes',
        updatedRecipe.toMap(),
        where: 'id = ?',
        whereArgs: [recipe.id],
      );
    } catch (e) {
      Logger.error('Failed to publish recipe to Nostr', e);
      rethrow;
    }
  }

  /// Publishes a bookmark category to Nostr as a kind 30001 event.
  ///
  /// [category] - The bookmark category to publish.
  Future<void> _publishBookmarkCategoryToNostr(BookmarkCategory category) async {
    if (_nostrService == null || _nostrKeyPair == null) {
      return;
    }

    try {
      // Create tags - use category ID as the 'd' tag for replaceable events
      final tags = <List<String>>[
        ['d', category.id], // Replaceable event identifier
      ];

      // Create event content as JSON
      final content = category.toJson();

      // Create and sign the event
      // Using kind 30001 for bookmark categories (NIP-33 parameterized replaceable event)
      final event = NostrEvent.create(
        content: jsonEncode(content),
        kind: 30001,
        privateKey: _nostrKeyPair!.privateKey,
        tags: tags,
      );

      // Publish to all enabled relays
      final results = await _nostrService!.publishEventToAllRelays(event);

      // Log results
      final successCount = results.values.where((success) => success).length;
      Logger.info('Published bookmark category ${category.id} to $successCount/${results.length} relays');
    } catch (e) {
      Logger.error('Failed to publish bookmark category to Nostr', e);
      rethrow;
    }
  }

  /// Fetches bookmark categories from Nostr for a given public key.
  ///
  /// Queries kind 30001 events (bookmark categories) from enabled relays and stores them locally.
  ///
  /// [publicKey] - The public key (hex format) to fetch categories for.
  /// [timeout] - Timeout for the request (default: 30 seconds).
  ///
  /// Returns the number of categories fetched and stored.
  ///
  /// Throws [Exception] if fetch fails.
  Future<int> fetchBookmarkCategoriesFromNostr(
    String publicKey, {
    Duration timeout = const Duration(seconds: 30),
  }) async {
    if (_nostrService == null) {
      throw Exception('NostrService not available');
    }

    await _ensureInitializedOrReinitialize();

    try {
      // Get all enabled relays (including those that may be connecting)
      // We'll try to connect to them if needed
      final allRelays = _nostrService!.getRelays();
      final enabledRelays = allRelays.where((r) => r.isEnabled).toList();

      if (enabledRelays.isEmpty) {
        Logger.warning('No enabled relays available for fetching bookmark categories');
        return 0;
      }

      // Try to connect to relays that aren't connected yet
      for (final relay in enabledRelays) {
        if (!relay.isConnected) {
          try {
            await _nostrService!.connectRelay(relay.url).timeout(
              const Duration(seconds: 5),
              onTimeout: () {
                throw Exception('Connection timeout');
              },
            );
          } catch (e) {
            Logger.warning('Failed to connect to relay ${relay.url} for bookmark categories: $e');
            // Continue to next relay
          }
        }
      }

      // Filter to only connected relays after connection attempts
      final connectedRelays = enabledRelays.where((r) => r.isConnected).toList();
      if (connectedRelays.isEmpty) {
        Logger.warning('No connected relays available for fetching bookmark categories');
        return 0;
      }

      final Map<String, BookmarkCategory> categoryMap = {}; // Track by category ID

      // Fetch from all connected relays
      for (final relay in connectedRelays) {
        try {
          final relayCategories = await _queryBookmarkCategoriesFromRelay(
            publicKey,
            relay.url,
            timeout,
          );

          // Add categories, keeping the latest version (by updatedAt)
          for (final category in relayCategories) {
            final existing = categoryMap[category.id];
            if (existing == null || category.updatedAt > existing.updatedAt) {
              categoryMap[category.id] = category;
            }
          }
        } catch (e) {
          Logger.warning('Failed to fetch bookmark categories from relay ${relay.url}: $e');
          // Continue to next relay
        }
      }

      // Store fetched categories in database
      int storedCount = 0;
      for (final category in categoryMap.values) {
        try {
          await _db!.insert(
            'bookmark_categories',
            category.toMap(),
            conflictAlgorithm: ConflictAlgorithm.replace,
          );
          Logger.debug('Stored bookmark category ${category.id} (${category.name}) in database');
          storedCount++;
        } catch (e) {
          Logger.warning('Failed to store bookmark category ${category.id}: $e');
          // Continue with other categories
        }
      }

      Logger.info('Fetched and stored $storedCount bookmark category(ies) from Nostr');
      return storedCount;
    } catch (e) {
      Logger.error('Failed to fetch bookmark categories from Nostr', e);
      throw Exception('Failed to fetch bookmark categories from Nostr: $e');
    }
  }

  /// Queries bookmark category events from a relay using NostrService's queryEvents method.
  Future<List<BookmarkCategory>> _queryBookmarkCategoriesFromRelay(
    String publicKey,
    String relayUrl,
    Duration timeout,
  ) async {
    try {
      // Use NostrService's queryEvents method to get kind 30001 events
      final events = await _nostrService!.queryEvents(
        publicKey,
        relayUrl,
        [30001],
        timeout: timeout,
      );

      final Map<String, BookmarkCategory> categoryMap = {}; // Track by 'd' tag value

      for (final event in events) {
        try {
          // Extract category ID from 'd' tag
          String? categoryId;
          for (final tag in event.tags) {
            if (tag.isNotEmpty && tag[0] == 'd') {
              categoryId = tag.length > 1 ? tag[1] : null;
              break;
            }
          }

          if (categoryId == null) {
            Logger.warning('Bookmark category event missing "d" tag: ${event.id}');
            continue;
          }

          // Parse content as JSON
          final contentMap = jsonDecode(event.content) as Map<String, dynamic>;

          // Create BookmarkCategory from event
          final category = BookmarkCategory(
            id: categoryId,
            name: contentMap['name'] as String? ?? 'Unnamed Category',
            color: contentMap['color'] as String?,
            createdAt: contentMap['createdAt'] as int? ?? (event.createdAt * 1000),
            updatedAt: contentMap['updatedAt'] as int? ?? (event.createdAt * 1000),
          );

          // Use replaceable event logic: keep the latest version
          final existing = categoryMap[categoryId];
          if (existing == null || category.updatedAt > existing.updatedAt) {
            categoryMap[categoryId] = category;
          }
        } catch (e) {
          Logger.warning('Failed to parse bookmark category from event ${event.id}: $e');
        }
      }

      return categoryMap.values.toList();
    } catch (e) {
      Logger.error('Failed to query bookmark categories from relay $relayUrl', e);
      rethrow;
    }
  }

  /// Publishes a recipe deletion to Nostr as a kind 5 event.
  /// 
  /// [recipeId] - The ID of the recipe being deleted.
  /// [nostrEventId] - The Nostr event ID of the original recipe event.
  Future<void> _publishRecipeDeletionToNostr(String recipeId, String nostrEventId) async {
    if (_nostrService == null || _nostrKeyPair == null) {
      return;
    }

    try {
      // Create a kind 5 deletion event
      // Tags should reference the event IDs to delete
      final tags = <List<String>>[
        ['e', nostrEventId], // Reference the original event
      ];

      // Create event content (can be empty for deletions)
      final event = NostrEvent.create(
        content: '',
        kind: 5,
        privateKey: _nostrKeyPair!.privateKey,
        tags: tags,
      );

      // Publish to all enabled relays
      final results = await _nostrService!.publishEventToAllRelays(event);

      // Log results
      final successCount = results.values.where((success) => success).length;
      Logger.info('Published recipe deletion for $recipeId to $successCount/${results.length} relays');
    } catch (e) {
      Logger.error('Failed to publish recipe deletion to Nostr', e);
      rethrow;
    }
  }
}